Week 26 · Story Tenses: Past Perfect Enters the Scene

Language target語言目標

Past simple + past continuous + past perfect.

Seasonal / Taiwan connection季節與台灣連結

Story mystery: use Lunar New Year travel, a lost object, or a school mystery as the timeline.

Power vocabulary核心字彙 · 7 words · 中文與例句由 MCC 補充

had alreadyphr.（更早之前）已經When we arrived, the train had already left.had + 第三態 · already 夾在中間
had neverphr.（在那之前）從來沒有She had never seen snow before that trip.never 本身是否定，不要再加 not
beforeconj. / prep.在…之前He had finished his homework before dinner started.有 before 時，過去完成式常可省略——順序已經清楚了
afterconj. / prep.在…之後After she had left, we found her keys.同上 · 順序清楚時用過去簡單式也可以
by the timephr.等到…的時候By the time the police came, the thief had disappeared.這個說法幾乎一定要接過去完成式
realizedv.意識到She realized that she had forgotten her wallet.realize → realized · 後面很常接過去完成式
rememberedv.想起來He remembered that he had locked the door.remember → remembered

The lesson, minute by minute · 課堂流程

60 minutes, four moves

0–10 min
Homework review複習作業every week · 每週相同
Review last week's assignment. Ask 2–3 students to share. Correct one common error and celebrate one strong example.
10–20 min
Vocabulary單字every week · 每週相同
Teach 5–10 target words. Always include: meaning, Chinese equivalent when useful, example, synonym, antonym, and/or word family.
35–50 min
Fun / application應用活動
The Mystery Timeline: students put events in order and explain what had happened before another event.
50–57 min
Challenge / exit ticket挑戰與出場券every week · 每週相同
Each student produces something before leaving: a sentence, answer, mini-story, explanation, role-play, or spoken response. Keep it quick and visible.

Teaching pack · 教學包

Ready to run, no preparation

Activities you can read straight off this page, written to fit the blocks above.
可以直接照著這一頁上的活動，對應上面每一段課堂流程。

Who wrote what The lesson plan above is Dom Jones's, including her choice of this week's power vocabulary. The Chinese, the example sentences and the practice sets below are added by My Culture Connect so the plan can be taught without preparation.
上面的教案出自 Dom Jones，包括本週核心字彙的選擇；下面的中文、例句與練習由人師教育協會補充，讓這份教案不必備課就能上。

The trap · you only need it out of order

陷阱・不照順序才需要它

Chinese tells events in the order they happened and 了 says no more than 'done'. English can jump backwards mid-sentence, and the past perfect is the signal that it just did. Tell the story in order and past simple is enough — that is why the tense feels invisible until it is needed.
中文照事情發生的順序講，「了」只說明「完成」。英文可以在句子中途往回跳，過去完成式就是「我剛剛往回跳了」的信號。照順序講的話，過去簡單式就夠了——這就是為什麼這個時態平常看不見，需要時才出現。

照順序（不需要）：I finished my homework. Then I watched TV.　✓ 兩個都用過去簡單式
往回跳（需要）：I watched TV. I had already finished my homework.
最常見的句型：When I arrived, she had already left.　← 到的時候，她「更早之前」就走了
✗ 濫用：Yesterday I had gone to school and I had eaten lunch and I had come home.　← 照順序，全部用過去簡單式就好
Your turn — choose: By the time we got there, the shop ______ (closed / had closed).

The Mystery Timeline · put it in order

神秘時間軸・排出順序

Dom's activity needs events to scramble, so here are six. Teams order them, then explain each one using 'had' — the explaining is the exercise, not the ordering.
Dom 的活動需要可以打亂的事件，這裡給六個。各組先排順序，再用 had 說明每一件——說明才是練習，排序不是。

A　The red envelope was on the table at 6:00.
B　Grandmother went to the temple at 6:30.
C　At 7:00 the envelope was gone.
D　The cat was asleep under the table all evening.
E　Little brother came home at 6:45 with new candy.
F　At 8:00 everyone was looking for the envelope.
Now say it: By the time grandmother returned, ______ . When they started looking, little brother ______ .

Three tenses in one paragraph

一段話裡三種時態

Dom's homework asks for all three in one 180-word mystery. Build the skeleton here: background in past continuous, events in past simple, and one jump backwards in past perfect.
Dom 的作業要在一篇 180 字的懸疑故事裡用上三種。在這裡先把骨架搭好：背景用過去進行式，事件用過去簡單式，往回跳一次用過去完成式。

背景（was/were + -ing）：It ______ and everyone ______ in the kitchen.
事件（過去簡單式）：Then the lights ______ .
往回跳（had + 第三態）：Nobody remembered that someone ______ the back door.
再回到事件：When the lights came back, ______ .

Exit ticket · one jump backwards

出場券・往回跳一次

One sentence with two times in it: something that happened, and something that had happened before it.
一句話裡放兩個時間：發生的事，和在那之前就已經發生的事。

When ______ , ______ had already ______ .

Prep · 備課 No preparation needed, but read the trap card first. Chinese has nothing like the past perfect, and the usual mistake after teaching it is overuse. The rule that prevents both problems: you only need it when you tell events out of order.
不必備課，但先看陷阱卡。中文沒有任何對應過去完成式的東西，而教完之後最常見的問題反而是濫用。一條規則同時解決兩邊：只有在「不照順序講」的時候才需要它。